We See What Others Cannot
Influence can be used as an effective tool for destabilization when certain segments of society are encouraged to adopt and promote certain views, especially against those of other groups. A clear example of cognitive warfare is that Russia’s interference in popular elections is all over the world. Such attacks are actually part of a big…
Hybrid war is an environment of non-parallel reactions in the direction of denying and drawing intermediate and effective goals. The ambiguous nature of a “hybrid war” makes it very difficult or even impossible to detect or even determine the events after they occur. Why? Because deceiving the enemy and neutral observers is one of the…
A Russian view of information operations To effectively neutralize the consequences of media attacks, it is necessary to change the very approach to working with the Internet space. It is not enough to occasionally post press releases and interviews, even if it is in top publications. It is not enough to quickly notice the release…
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The phenomenon of artificial literacy and the new pattern of ignorance must be acknowledged. Every day, billions of articles are published in the virtual space and this bombardment of information has caused “all of us” to obtain information about “everything”, but with special features. The famous Japanese journalist Karl Taro says: Whenever anyone talks about…
Categorizing the audience according to beliefs: the audience can be classified based on their attitude towards a message, i.e., their agreement or opposition. The type of message should be different for people who agree and disagree. A one-way message has the most impact on people who agree, and a two-way message has the most effect…
The media has caused us to be exposed to news at the speed of electricity and to analyze the news at the speed of wind. The environment around us is full of confusing news, misleading numbers and misleading words. Three issues aggravate this: High volume of news and analysis. More information means less opportunity to…
Reflexive control theory seeks to guide the target unconsciously in a predefined manner and often against their own interests. This can be done by influencing the enemy’s information channels and sending messages that change the flow of information in the adversary’s favor. An adversary makes a decision by acting in a manipulated information space, provoking…
Trust is a critical asset that can be damaged or completely destroyed through a variety of applied cognitive weapons such as social media. People or institutions that seek to destroy this trust first identify major gaps in the target society and then intensify them in a way that causes distrust towards the honesty and motivation…
In simple words, hybrid war can be the attack of an entity (either government or faction) towards the opposite opponent by using non-kinetic tools of power such as “economy, politics, culture, information and cyber (STEMPLES Plus)” with the intention of creating and obtaining a strategic result. Cognitive warfare must be effectively integrated across land, sea,…
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In the context of cognitive warfare, disinformation is information that is intentionally created to harm or manipulate a “person, social group, organization, or country,” while disinformation is false information that is created without intent to harm. Hybrid tactics create instability, destroy institutions, fuel political polarization, and destroy coexistence and consensus. The special importance of the…
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